Table of Contents - *610775
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Genome
DNA
Protein
Gene Info
Variation
Animal Models
Cellular Pathways
| *610775 | ||||||
| TP53-INDUCED GLYCOLYSIS AND APOPTOSIS REGULATOR | ||||||
| Alternative titles; symbols | ||||||
| TIGAR CHROMOSOME 12 OPEN READING FRAME 5; C12ORF5 | ||||||
| HGNC Approved Gene Symbol: C12orf5 | ||||||
| Cytogenetic location: 12p13.32 Genomic coordinates (GRCh37): 12:4,430,358 - 4,469,193 (from NCBI) | ||||||
| TEXT | ||||||
| Description | ||||||
| p53 (TP53; 191170) plays a role in cellular adaptation to stress and in prevention of cancer development through interactions with a number of target genes. TIGAR is a p53-inducible protein that functions to regulate glycolysis and protect against oxidative stress (Bensaad et al., 2006). | ||||||
| Cloning | ||||||
| Using chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis, Jen and Cheung (2005) identified C12ORF5 among a group of ionizing radiation-responsive genes directly regulated by p53 in human lymphoblastoid cells. Using microarray analysis of gene expression following p53 induction in a human osteosarcoma cell line, Bensaad et al. (2006) identified C12ORF5, which they called TIGAR, as a rapidly induced gene. The predicted 270-amino acid TIGAR protein is highly conserved in vertebrates, and it shares similarity with fructose bisphosphatases (e.g., PFKFB4; 605320). Western blot analysis showed expression of a 30-kD protein. | ||||||
| Gene Function | ||||||
| Jen and Cheung (2005) found that occupancy of the C12ORF5 promoter by p53 increased after ionizing radiation, and they identified a p53 response element within the first intron of C12ORF5. Binding by p53 was delayed in ATM (607585) -/- cells. Bensaad et al. (2006) found that overexpression of TIGAR in mouse and human cells resulted in inhibition of glycolysis, as well as a decrease in intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). TIGAR selectively inhibited ROS-sensitive apoptosis in a cell type-specific manner, and it required the pentose phosphate pathway to function. | ||||||
| Gene Structure | ||||||
| Bensaad et al. (2006) determined that the TIGAR gene contains 6 potential coding exons. They identified 2 possible p53-binding sites, one upstream of the first exon and the other within the first intron. | ||||||
| Mapping | ||||||
| Bensaad et al. (2006) stated that the TIGAR gene maps to chromosome 12p13.3. | ||||||
| REFERENCES | ||||||
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