- Stroke (HP:0001297): Sudden impairment of blood flow to a part of the brain due to occlusion or rupture of an artery to the brain. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 3/20. (PMID:16444274)
- Ascending tubular aorta aneurysm (HP:0004970): An abnormal localized widening (dilatation) of the tubular part of the ascending aorta. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 5/11. (PMID:17666408)
- Thoracic aortic aneurysm (HP:0012727): An abnormal localized widening (dilatation) of the thoracic aorta. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 5/16. (PMID:16444274)
- Abnormal left ventricular function (HP:0005162): Inability of the left ventricle to perform its normal physiologic function. Failure is either due to an inability to contract the left ventricle or the inability to relax completely and fill with blood during diastole. Evidence: TAS. (OMIM:132900)
- Descending aortic dissection (HP:0012499): A separation of the layers within the wall of the descending aorta. Tears in the intimal layer result in the propagation of dissection (proximally or distally) secondary to blood entering the intima-media space. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 2/16. (PMID:16444274)
- Livedo reticularis (HP:0033505): Livedo reticularis is characterized by the presence of a bluish purple, mottled or netlike pattern in unbroken circles on the skin. Exposure to cold environments usually intensifies the vascular pattern. Presumably, the condition results from slow or stagnant blood flow, vessel-wall pathology, and decreased oxygen tension. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/10. (PMID:17666408)
- Posterior cerebral artery stenosis (HP:0012495): Narrowing or constriction of the inner surface (lumen) of the posterior cerebral artery. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/1. (PMID:32081817)
- Carotid artery stenosis (HP:0100546): Narrowing of the carotid arteries. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/1. (PMID:32081817)
- Abnormal iris pigmentation (HP:0008034): Abnormal pigmentation of the iris. Evidence: TAS. (OMIM:132900)
- Middle cerebral artery stenosis (HP:0012493): Narrowing or constriction of the inner surface (lumen) of the middle cerebral artery. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/1. (PMID:32081817)
- Anterior cerebral artery stenosis (HP:0012494): Narrowing or constriction of the inner surface (lumen) of the anterior cerebral artery. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/1. (PMID:32081817)
- Bicuspid aortic valve (HP:0001647): The presence of an aortic valve with two instead of the normal three cusps (flaps). Bicuspid aortic valvue is a malformation of a commissure (small space between the attachment of each cusp to the aortic wall) and the adjacent parts of the two corresponding cusps forming a raphe (the fused area of the two underdeveloped cusps turning into a malformed commissure between both cusps; the raphe is a fibrous ridge that extends from the commissure to the free edge of the two underdeveloped, conjoint cusps). Evidence: TAS. (OMIM:132900)
- Cystic medial necrosis (HP:0012180): A disorder of large arteries, in particular the aorta, characterized by an accumulation of basophilic ground substance in the media with cyst-like lesions associated with degenerative changes of collagen, elastin and the vascular smooth muscle cells. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 2/2. (PMID:17666408)
- Aortic dissection (HP:0002647): Aortic dissection refers to a tear in the intimal layer of the aorta causing a separation between the intima and the medial layers of the aorta. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/1. (PMID:32081817)
- Aortic regurgitation (HP:0001659): An insufficiency of the aortic valve, leading to regurgitation (backward flow) of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle. Evidence: TAS. (OMIM:132900)
- Patent ductus arteriosus (HP:0001643): In utero, the ductus arteriosus (DA) serves to divert ventricular output away from the lungs and toward the placenta by connecting the main pulmonary artery to the descending aorta. A patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in the first 3 days of life is a physiologic shunt in healthy term and preterm newborn infants, and normally is substantially closed within about 24 hours after bith and completely closed after about three weeks. Failure of physiologcal closure is referred to a persistent or patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). Depending on the degree of left-to-right shunting, PDA can have clinical consequences. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 7/28. (PMID:16444274;PMID:32081817;PMID:17666408)
- Ascending aortic dissection (HP:0004933): A separation of the layers within the wall of the ascending aorta. Tears in the intimal layer result in the propagation of dissection (proximally or distally) secondary to blood entering the intima-media space. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 3/10. (PMID:17666408)
- Autosomal dominant inheritance (HP:0000006): A mode of inheritance that is observed for traits related to a gene encoded on one of the autosomes (i.e., the human chromosomes 1-22) in which a trait manifests in heterozygotes. In the context of medical genetics, an autosomal dominant disorder is caused when a single copy of the mutant allele is present. Males and females are affected equally, and can both transmit the disorder with a risk of 50% for each child of inheriting the mutant allele. Evidence: PCS. (PMID:16444274)
- Coronary artery atherosclerosis (HP:0001677): Reduction of the diameter of the coronary arteries as the result of an accumulation of atheromatous plaques within the walls of the coronary arteries, which increases the risk of myocardial ischemia. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 2/7. (PMID:17666408)
These phenotypes are associated with the disease aortic aneurysm, familial thoracic 4 (OMIM:132900).