Alternative titles; symbols
HGNC Approved Gene Symbol: POLR2F
Cytogenetic location: 22q13.1 Genomic coordinates (GRCh38) : 22:37,953,663-38,041,915 (from NCBI)
The DNA-dependent RNA polymerase II (EC 2.7.7.6) is responsible for the transcription of protein-encoding genes. It is composed of 10 to 14 subunits ranging in mass from approximately 220 kD (POLR2A; 180660) to approximately 7 kD (POLR2K; 606033). For general information on the structure and function of RNA polymerase II, see 180660.
By screening a HeLa cell cDNA library with probes obtained using a partial POLR2F cDNA sequence (Adams et al., 1991), Acker et al. (1994) isolated cDNAs representing the entire coding sequence of the RNA polymerase II subunit POLR2F, which they called RPB14.4. The deduced 127-amino acid POLR2F protein has a calculated molecular mass of approximately 14.4 kD. It is highly acidic, with a calculated isoelectric point of 3.7. POLR2F contains a predicted C-terminal leucine zipper domain, which is not preceded by a basic domain. The POLR2F protein shares 49% sequence identity with the S. cerevisiae polymerase subunit ABC23, with the C-terminal regions showing the highest conservation.
Pusch et al. (1996) found that the POLR2F gene spans 13,083 bp and contains 5 exons.
Pusch et al. (1996) identified the POLR2F cDNA sequence within a cosmid that maps to 22q13.1. They stated that the POLR2F gene is located no more than 600 kb from the PDGFB gene (190040).
Crystal Structure
Cramer et al. (2000) derived a backbone model of a 10-subunit yeast RNA polymerase II using x-ray diffraction data extending to 3-angstrom resolution. All 10 subunits exhibited a high degree of identity with the corresponding human proteins, and 9 of the 10 subunits are conserved among the 3 eukaryotic RNA polymerases I, II, and III. Notable features of the model include a pair of jaws, formed by subunits Rpb1 (180660), Rpb5 (180664), and Rpb9 (180662), that appear to grip DNA downstream of the active center. A clamp on the DNA nearer the active center, formed by Rpb1, Rpb2 (180661), and Rpb6 (homologous to human POLR2F), may be locked in the closed position by RNA, accounting for the great stability of transcribing complexes. A pore in the protein complex beneath the active center may allow entry of substrates for polymerization and exit of the transcript during proofreading and passage through pause sites in the DNA.
Acker, J., Wintzerith, M., Vigneron, M., Kedinger, C. A 14.4 KDa acidic subunit of human RNA polymerase II with a putative leucine-zipper. DNA Seq. 4: 329-331, 1994. [PubMed: 7803819] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.3109/10425179409020860]
Adams, M. D., Kelley, J. M., Gocayne, J. D., Dubnick, M., Polymeropoulos, M. H., Xiao, H., Merril, C. R., Wu, A., Olde, B., Moreno, R. F., Kerlavage, A. R., McCombie, W. R., Venter, J. C. Complementary DNA sequencing: expressed sequence tags and human genome project. Science 252: 1651-1656, 1991. [PubMed: 2047873] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.2047873]
Cramer, P., Bushnell, D. A., Fu, J., Gnatt, A. L., Maier-Davis, B., Thompson, N. E., Burgess, R. R., Edwards, A. M., David, P. R., Kornberg, R. D. Architecture of RNA polymerase II and implications for the transcription mechanism. Science 288: 640-648, 2000. [PubMed: 10784442] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.288.5466.640]
Pusch, C., Wang, Z., Roe, B., Blin, N. Genomic structure of the RNA polymerase II small subunit (hRPB14.4) locus (POLRF) (sic) and mapping to 22q13.1 by sequence identity. Genomics 34: 440-442, 1996. [PubMed: 8786150] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1006/geno.1996.0312]