HGNC Approved Gene Symbol: LYVE1
Cytogenetic location: 11p15.4 Genomic coordinates (GRCh38) : 11:10,556,966-10,568,665 (from NCBI)
The LYVE1 gene encodes a lymph-specific receptor for hyaluronan (HA; see 607071), an abundant extracellular matrix glycosaminoglycan in skin and mesenchymal tissues, where it facilitates cell migration during wound healing, inflammation, and embryonic morphogenesis.
By searching EST databases for homologs of CD44 (107269), which binds hyaluronin (HA) in lymphoid cells but does not appear to be involved in the sequestration or transport of HA by lymphatic vessels, Banerji et al. (1999) identified a cDNA encoding lymphatic vessel endothelial HA receptor-1, or LYVE1. Sequence analysis predicted that the 322-amino acid type I integral membrane glycoprotein is 41% similar to CD44. LYVE1 contains a leader peptide; a 212-residue extracellular domain with 7 cysteine residues, a serine/threonine-rich region, and 2 potential N-linked glycosylation sites; a 21-amino acid transmembrane domain; and a 63-residue cytoplasmic tail. Like CD44, AGC1 (155760), and versican (CSPG2; 118661), LYVE1 also has a putative LINK (HAPLN1; 115435) module marked by 4 conserved cysteines in its extracellular domain. Immunofluorescence microscopy and Western blot analysis showed that LYVE1 is expressed on the cell surface as a 60-kD protein, which is reduced to approximately 40 kD by glycosidase treatment. Binding analysis indicated that LYVE1 binds to both soluble and immobilized HA with greater specificity than CD44. Northern blot analysis detected 2.0- and 2.6-kb transcripts that were abundant in spleen, lymph node, heart, lung, and fetal liver, less abundant in appendix, bone marrow, placenta, muscle, and adult liver, and absent in peripheral blood lymphocytes, thymus, brain, kidney, and pancreas. Immunohistochemistry detected expression of LYVE1, but not of CD44, largely restricted to endothelial cells lining lymphatic vessels and splenic sinusoidal endothelial cells. Expression was undetectable on lymphocytes, hemopoietic cells, or vascular endothelial cells.
Stumpf (2021) mapped the LYVE1 gene to chromosome 11p15.4 based on an alignment of the LYVE1 sequence (GenBank AF127670) with the genomic sequence (GRCh38).
Banerji, S., Ni, J., Wang, S.-X., Clasper, S., Su, J., Tammi, R., Jones, M., Jackson, D. G. LYVE-1, a new homologue of the CD44 glycoprotein, is a lymph-specific receptor for hyaluronan. J. Cell Biol. 144: 789-801, 1999. [PubMed: 10037799] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.144.4.789]
Stumpf, A. M. Personal Communication. Baltimore, Md. 06/24/2021.