HGNC Approved Gene Symbol: STX18
Cytogenetic location: 4p16.3-p16.2 Genomic coordinates (GRCh38) : 4:4,418,968-4,542,343 (from NCBI)
In eukaryotic cells, SNARE proteins (SNAP receptors) mediate the docking and/or fusion of transport vesicles with target membranes. See alpha-SNAP (NAPA; 603215). V-SNARES, found on vesicles, interact with t-SNARES (syntaxins), found on target membranes, in a specific manner.
Using a yeast 2-hybrid screen with NAPA cDNA as bait, Hatsuzawa et al. (2000) identified a partial human cDNA encoding a novel syntaxin, which they called syntaxin-18. They isolated a complete cDNA by screening a human brain cDNA library. The deduced 335-amino acid protein contains elements similar to other syntaxins, including predicted coiled-coil regions and a putative transmembrane domain near the C terminus. Syntaxin-18 shares 28% sequence identity with the C. elegans T10H9 predicted gene product, but low sequence similarity to other known syntaxins. Northern blot analysis detected ubiquitous expression of a 1.8-kb STX18 transcript. Using subcellular fractionation and immunofluorescence, Hatsuzawa et al. (2000) showed that syntaxin-18 is principally located in the endoplasmic reticulum.
Based on in vivo overexpression and protein transport studies using epitope-tagged proteins, Hatsuzawa et al. (2000) suggested that syntaxin-18 functions in transport between the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi.
Hatsuzawa, K., Hirose, H., Tani, K., Yamamoto, A., Scheller, R. H., Tagaya, M. Syntaxin 18, a SNAP receptor that functions in the endoplasmic reticulum, intermediate compartment, and cis-Golgi vesicle trafficking. J. Biol. Chem. 275: 13713-13720, 2000. [PubMed: 10788491] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.275.18.13713]