Alternative titles; symbols
HGNC Approved Gene Symbol: GPR132
Cytogenetic location: 14q32.33 Genomic coordinates (GRCh38) : 14:105,049,395-105,065,430 (from NCBI)
Weng et al. (1998) cloned mouse G2a by subtractive hybridization with BCR-ABL oncogene (see 151410)-transformed bone marrow cells. By probing a spleen cDNA library with the mouse sequence, they obtained a cDNA encoding human G2A. Sequence analysis predicted that human G2A is a 380-amino acid, 7-membrane-spanning G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that is 70% identical to the mouse protein. It contains an N-linked glycosylation site and a putative N-terminal destruction box, which serves as a recognition motif for ubiquitin conjugation, in the first transmembrane domain. Northern blot analysis revealed highest expression of an approximately 3.0-kb G2A transcript in hematopoietic tissues, with weak expression in heart and lung.
On the grounds that portions of the data were not reproducible, Witte et al. (2005) published a retraction of the paper of Kabarowski et al. (2001) which stated that lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) and sphingosylphosphorylcholine (SPC) are direct ligands for G2A. Witte et al. (2005) confirmed that data demonstrating cellular migration dependent on LPC addition and G2A receptor expression have been reproduced and extended in independent work, but that these data cannot distinguish between the direct action of the lysolipid on the receptor and an indirect action in which the lysolipid modifies another receptor or process that in turn regulates the G2A receptor.
Weng et al. (1998) mapped the G2A gene to 14q32.3 by FISH.
Le et al. (2001) showed that mice with a targeted disruption of G2a, apart from enhanced in vitro T-cell proliferative responses, initially appeared normal. With age, however, they developed a progressive secondary lymphoid organ enlargement associated with an abnormal polyclonal lymphocyte expansion. Older animals succumbed to a late-onset autoimmune wasting syndrome.
Kabarowski, J. H. S., Zhu, K., Le, L. Q., Witte, O. N., Xu, Y. Lysophosphatidylcholine as a ligand for the immunoregulatory receptor G2A. Science 293: 702-705, 2001. Note: Retraction: Science 307: 206 only, 2005. [PubMed: 11474113] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1061781]
Le, L. Q., Kabarowski, J. H. S., Weng, Z., Satterthwaite, A. B., Harvill, E. T., Jensen, E. R., Miller, J. F., Witte, O. N. Mice lacking the orphan G protein-coupled receptor G2A develop a late-onset autoimmune syndrome. Immunity 14: 561-571, 2001. [PubMed: 11371358] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1016/s1074-7613(01)00145-5]
Weng, Z., Fluckiger, A.-C., Nisitani, S., Wahl, M. I., Le, L. Q., Hunter, C. A., Fernal, A. A., le Beau, M. M., Witte, O. N. A DNA damage and stress inducible G protein-coupled receptor blocks cells in G2/M. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 95: 12334-12339, 1998. [PubMed: 9770487] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.95.21.12334]
Witte, O. N., Kabarowski, J. H., Xu, Y., Le, L. Q., Zhu, K. Retraction: Lysophosphatidylcholine as a ligand for the immunoregulatory receptor G2A. Science 307: 206 only, 2005. [PubMed: 15653487] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.307.5707.206b]