HGNC Approved Gene Symbol: EAF2
Cytogenetic location: 3q13.33 Genomic coordinates (GRCh38) : 3:121,835,209-121,886,526 (from NCBI)
Using ELL (600284) as bait in a yeast 2-hybrid screen, Simone et al. (2003) cloned EAF2 from a bone marrow cDNA library. The deduced 260-amino acid protein is rich in serine, glutamic acid, and aspartic acid residues. EAF2 shares 58% amino acid identity with EAF1 (608315). The C-terminal regions share highest homology, and the last 20 amino acids are identical. Northern blot analysis detected ubiquitous expression of a 1.2-kb transcript. A transcript of about 1.0 kb was also detected in kidney. Immunolocalization of endogenous EAF2 in quiescent HeLa and 293 cells revealed colocalization with ELL in nuclear speckles. EAF2 showed a diffuse nuclear distribution in dividing cells.
By coimmunoprecipitation of HeLa and 293 cell lysates, Simone et al. (2003) demonstrated direct interaction between endogenous EAF2 and ELL. By mutation analysis, they found that the N terminus of ELL binds the N terminus of EAF2. They also determined that EAF2 is a transactivator, and using deletion mutants, they mapped this activity to the C terminus.
Kong et al. (2005) found that human EAF1 and EAF2 interacted directly with ELL to form a stable complex that targeted the RNA polymerase II ternary elongation complex and strongly stimulated its overall rate of elongation.
Kong, S. E., Banks, C. A. S., Shilatifard, A., Conaway, J. W., Conaway, R. C. ELL-associated factors 1 and 2 are positive regulators of RNA polymerase II elongation factor ELL. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 102: 10094-10098, 2005. [PubMed: 16006523] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0503017102]
Simone, F., Luo, R. T., Polak, P. E., Kaberlein, J. J., Thirman, M. J. ELL-associated factor 2 (EAF2), a functional homolog of EAF1 with alternative ELL binding properties. Blood 101: 2355-2362, 2003. [PubMed: 12446457] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2002-06-1664]