Alternative titles; symbols
HGNC Approved Gene Symbol: TSKU
Cytogenetic location: 11q13.5 Genomic coordinates (GRCh38) : 11:76,782,280-76,798,144 (from NCBI)
To identify genes that are regulated by or associated with estrogen action, Charpentier et al. (2000) performed serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE) on estrogen-responsive breast cancer cells after exposure to estrogen. Using transcript-specific PCR primers for novel sequences that increased more than 10-fold upon treatment with 17-beta estradiol (E2), they cloned 5 cDNAs, designated E2-induced genes (E2IG) 1-5, from a human placenta cDNA library. The E2IG4 cDNA encodes a deduced 353-amino acid protein containing a leucine-rich repeat in the N terminus and 8 additional leucine-rich repeats. E2IG4 demonstrates domain and structural homology to extracellular matrix leucine-rich proteoglycans such as decorin (125255) and biglycan (301870). It also contains various potential phosphorylation sites. Charpentier et al. (2000) determined that E2IG4 is likely to reside in the cell membrane or extracellular compartments and contains a typical cleavable signal peptide.
Based on the structure and likely location of E2IG4, Charpentier et al. (2000) suggested that the protein is involved in intracellular transport and extracellular secretion.
Ohta et al. (2004) presented evidence that Tsk is a BMP (see 112264) inhibitor in oviparous vertebrates that forms a ternary complex with Bmp and chordin (603475) and is involved in the regulation of primitive streak and Hensen node.
By sequence analysis, Charpentier et al. (2000) mapped the E2IG4 gene to chromosome 11 between markers D11S911 and D11S4172.
Charpentier, A. H., Bednarek, A. K., Daniel, R. L., Hawkins, K. A., Laflin, K. J., Gaddis, S., MacLeod, M. C., Aldaz, C. M. Effects of estrogen on global gene expression: identification of novel targets of estrogen action. Cancer Res. 60: 5977-5983, 2000. [PubMed: 11085516] [Full Text: http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=11085516]
Ohta, K., Lupo, G., Kuriyama, S., Keynes, R., Holt, C. E., Harris, W. A., Tanaka, H., Ohnuma, S. Tsukushi functions as an organizer inducer by inhibition of BMP activity in cooperation with chordin. Dev. Cell 7: 347-358, 2004. [PubMed: 15363410] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.devcel.2004.08.014]