Phenotypes associated with the disease distal 10q deletion syndrome (OMIM:609625):
- Epicanthus (HP:0000286): A fold of skin starting above the medial aspect of the upper eyelid and arching downward to cover, pass in front of and lateral to the medial canthus. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/15. (PMID:14598339)
- Toe syndactyly (HP:0001770): Webbing or fusion of the toes, involving soft parts only or including bone structure. Bony fusions are referred to as "bony" Syndactyly if the fusion occurs in a radio-ulnar axis. Fusions of bones of the toes in a proximo-distal axis are referred to as "Symphalangism". Evidence: IEA. (OMIM:609625)
- Congenital hip dislocation (HP:0001374). Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/15. (PMID:14598339)
- Limited elbow extension (HP:0001377): Limited ability to straighten the arm at the elbow joint. Evidence: IEA. (OMIM:609625)
- Small scrotum (HP:0000046): Apparently small scrotum for age. Evidence: IEA. (OMIM:609625)
- Strabismus (HP:0000486): A misalignment of the eyes so that the visual axes deviate from bifoveal fixation. The classification of strabismus may be based on a number of features including the relative position of the eyes, whether the deviation is latent or manifest, intermittent or constant, concomitant or otherwise and according to the age of onset and the relevance of any associated refractive error. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 5/15. (PMID:14598339)
- Prominent fingertip pads (HP:0001212): A soft tissue prominence of the ventral aspects of the fingertips. The term "persistent fetal fingertip pads" is often used as a synonym, but should better not be used because it implies knowledge of history of the patient which often does not exist. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/15. (PMID:14598339)
- Short stature (HP:0004322): A height below that which is expected according to age and gender norms. Although there is no universally accepted definition of short stature, many refer to "short stature" as height more than 2 standard deviations below the mean for age and gender (or below the 3rd percentile for age and gender dependent norms). Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 7/15. (PMID:14598339)
- Seizure (HP:0001250): A seizure is an intermittent abnormality of nervous system physiology characterized by a transient occurrence of signs and/or symptoms due to abnormal excessive or synchronous neuronal activity in the brain. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 4/15. (PMID:14598339)
- Hypotonia (HP:0001252): Hypotonia is an abnormally low muscle tone (the amount of tension or resistance to movement in a muscle). Even when relaxed, muscles have a continuous and passive partial contraction which provides some resistance to passive stretching. Hypotonia thus manifests as diminished resistance to passive stretching. Hypotonia is not the same as muscle weakness, although the two conditions can co-exist. Evidence: IEA. (OMIM:609625)
- Generalized hypotonia (HP:0001290): Generalized muscular hypotonia (abnormally low muscle tone). Evidence: TAS. (OMIM:609625)
- Smooth philtrum (HP:0000319): Flat skin surface, with no ridge formation in the central region of the upper lip between the nasal base and upper vermilion border. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 2/15. (PMID:14598339)
- Aggressive behavior (HP:0000718): Behavior or an act aimed at harming a person, animal, or physical property (e.g., acts of physical violence; shouting, swearing, and using harsh language; slashing someone's tires). Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 4/15. (PMID:14598339)
- Lumbar hyperlordosis (HP:0002938): An abnormal accentuation of the inward curvature of the spine in the lumbar region. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/15. (PMID:14598339)
- Hypertelorism (HP:0000316): Interpupillary distance more than 2 SD above the mean (alternatively, the appearance of an increased interpupillary distance or widely spaced eyes). Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 2/15. (PMID:14598339)
- Specific learning disability (HP:0001328): Impairment of certain skills such as reading or writing, coordination, self-control, or attention that interfere with the ability to learn. The impairment is not related to a global deficiency of intelligence. Evidence: IEA. (OMIM:609625)
- Single transverse palmar crease (HP:0000954): The distal and proximal transverse palmar creases are merged into a single transverse palmar crease. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 3/15. (PMID:14598339)
- Radial deviation of finger (HP:0009466): Bending or curvature of a finger toward the radial side (i.e., towards the thumb). The deviation is at the metacarpal-phalangeal joint, and this finding is distinct from clinodactyly. Evidence: IEA. (OMIM:609625)
- Postnatal growth retardation (HP:0008897): Slow or limited growth after birth. Evidence: TAS. (OMIM:609625)
- Hyperactivity (HP:0000752): Hyperactivity is a condition characterized by constant and unusually high levels of activity, even in situations where it is deemed inappropriate. Evidence: IEA. (OMIM:609625)
- Patent ductus arteriosus (HP:0001643): In utero, the ductus arteriosus (DA) serves to divert ventricular output away from the lungs and toward the placenta by connecting the main pulmonary artery to the descending aorta. A patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in the first 3 days of life is a physiologic shunt in healthy term and preterm newborn infants, and normally is substantially closed within about 24 hours after bith and completely closed after about three weeks. Failure of physiologcal closure is referred to a persistent or patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). Depending on the degree of left-to-right shunting, PDA can have clinical consequences. Evidence: IEA. (OMIM:609625)
- Sporadic (HP:0003745): Cases of the disease in question occur without a previous family history, i.e., as isolated cases without being transmitted from a parent and without other siblings being affected. Evidence: IEA. (OMIM:609625)
- Intellectual disability (HP:0001249): The term intellectual disability or intellectual developmental disorder is used to describe significantly sub-average intellectual and adaptive functioning based on clinical assessment and as measured by individually administered, appropriately normed, standardized and validated tests of intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior, with onset during the developmental period from infancy through adolescence. Evidence: TAS. (OMIM:609625)
- Downslanted palpebral fissures (HP:0000494): The palpebral fissure inclination is more than two standard deviations below the mean. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/15. (PMID:14598339)
- Microcephaly (HP:0000252): Head circumference below 2 standard deviations below the mean for age and gender. Evidence: IEA. (OMIM:609625)
- Micropenis (HP:0000054): Abnormally small penis. At birth, the normal penis is about 3 cm (stretched length from pubic tubercle to tip of penis) with micropenis less than 2.0-2.5 cm. Evidence: IEA. (OMIM:609625)
- Global developmental delay (HP:0001263): A delay in the achievement of motor or mental milestones in the domains of development of a child, including motor skills, speech and language, cognitive skills, and social and emotional skills. This term should only be used to describe children younger than five years of age. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 7/15. (PMID:14598339)
- Sensorineural hearing impairment (HP:0000407): A type of hearing impairment in one or both ears related to an abnormal functionality of the cochlear nerve. Evidence: TAS. (OMIM:609625)
- Prominent nose (HP:0000448): Distance between subnasale and pronasale more than two standard deviations above the mean, or alternatively, an apparently increased anterior protrusion of the nasal tip. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 10/15. (PMID:14598339)
- Pectus excavatum (HP:0000767): A defect of the chest wall characterized by a depression of the sternum, giving the chest ("pectus") a caved-in ("excavatum") appearance. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/15. (PMID:14598339)
- Omphalocele (HP:0001539): A midline anterior incomplete closure of the abdominal wall in which there is herniation of the abdominal viscera into the base of the abdominal cord. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/15. (PMID:14598339)
- Clinodactyly of the 5th finger (HP:0004209): Clinodactyly refers to a bending or curvature of the fifth finger in the radial direction (i.e., towards the 4th finger). Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 7/15. (PMID:14598339)
- Convex nasal ridge (HP:0000444): Nasal ridge curving anteriorly to an imaginary line that connects the nasal root and tip. The nose appears often also prominent, and the columella low. Evidence: IEA. (OMIM:609625)
- Sandal gap (HP:0001852): A widely spaced gap between the first toe (the great toe) and the second toe. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 2/15. (PMID:14598339)
- Autosomal dominant inheritance (HP:0000006): A mode of inheritance that is observed for traits related to a gene encoded on one of the autosomes (i.e., the human chromosomes 1-22) in which a trait manifests in heterozygotes. In the context of medical genetics, an autosomal dominant disorder is caused when a single copy of the mutant allele is present. Males and females are affected equally, and can both transmit the disorder with a risk of 50% for each child of inheriting the mutant allele. Evidence: PCS. (PMID:14598339)
- Low-set ears (HP:0000369): Upper insertion of the ear to the scalp below an imaginary horizontal line drawn between the inner canthi of the eye and extending posteriorly to the ear. Evidence: IEA. (OMIM:609625)
- Triangular face (HP:0000325): Facial contour, as viewed from the front, triangular in shape, with breadth at the temples and tapering to a narrow chin. Evidence: IEA. (OMIM:609625)
- Facial asymmetry (HP:0000324): An abnormal difference between the left and right sides of the face. Evidence: IEA. Frequency: 8/15. (OMIM:609625)
- Small nail (HP:0001792): A nail that is diminished in length and width, i.e., underdeveloped nail. Evidence: IEA. (OMIM:609625)
- Upslanted palpebral fissure (HP:0000582): The palpebral fissure inclination is more than two standard deviations above the mean for age (objective); or, the inclination of the palpebral fissure is greater than typical for age. Evidence: IEA. (OMIM:609625)
- Long philtrum (HP:0000343): Distance between nasal base and midline upper lip vermilion border more than 2 SD above the mean. Alternatively, an apparently increased distance between nasal base and midline upper lip vermilion border. Evidence: IEA. (OMIM:609625)
- Low posterior hairline (HP:0002162): Hair on the neck extends more inferiorly than usual. Evidence: IEA. (OMIM:609625)
- Scapular winging (HP:0003691): Abnormal protrusion of the scapula away from the surface of the back. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/15. (PMID:14598339)
- Motor delay (HP:0001270): A type of Developmental delay characterized by a delay in acquiring motor skills. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 9/15. (PMID:14598339)
- 2-3 toe cutaneous syndactyly (HP:0005709). Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 3/15. (PMID:14598339)
- Short attention span (HP:0000736): Reduced attention span characterized by distractibility and impulsivity. Evidence: IEA. (OMIM:609625)
- Thin upper lip vermilion (HP:0000219): Height of the vermilion of the upper lip in the midline more than 2 SD below the mean. Alternatively, an apparently reduced height of the vermilion of the upper lip in the frontal view (subjective). Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 6/15. (PMID:14598339)
- High palate (HP:0000218): Height of the palate more than 2 SD above the mean (objective) or palatal height at the level of the first permanent molar more than twice the height of the teeth (subjective). Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/15. (PMID:14598339)
- Protruding ear (HP:0000411): Angle formed by the plane of the ear and the mastoid bone greater than the 97th centile for age (objective); or, outer edge of the helix more than 2 cm from the mastoid at the point of maximum distance (objective). Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 4/15. (PMID:14598339)
- Wide intermamillary distance (HP:0006610): A larger than usual distance between the left and right nipple. Evidence: IEA. (OMIM:609625)
- Flared nostrils (HP:0000454). Evidence: IEA. (OMIM:609625)
- Broad-based gait (HP:0002136): An abnormal gait pattern in which persons stand and walk with their feet spaced widely apart. This is often a component of cerebellar ataxia. Evidence: TAS. (OMIM:609625)
- Craniosynostosis (HP:0001363): Craniosynostosis refers to the premature closure of the cranial sutures. Primary craniosynostosis refers to the closure of one or more sutures due to abnormalities in skull development, and secondary craniosynostosis results from failure of brain growth. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (OMIM:609625)
- Vesicoureteral reflux (HP:0000076): Abnormal (retrograde) movement of urine from the bladder into ureters or kidneys related to inadequacy of the valvular mechanism at the ureterovesicular junction or other causes. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 2/15. (PMID:14598339)
- Delayed speech and language development (HP:0000750): A degree of language development that is significantly below the norm for a child of a specified age. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 8/15. (PMID:14598339)
- Wide nasal bridge (HP:0000431): Increased breadth of the nasal bridge (and with it, the nasal root). Evidence: IEA. (OMIM:609625)
- Short neck (HP:0000470): Diminished length of the neck. Evidence: IEA. (OMIM:609625)
- Small for gestational age (HP:0001518): Smaller than normal size according to sex and gestational age related norms, defined as a weight below the 10th percentile for the gestational age. Evidence: IEA. (OMIM:609625)
- Dolichocephaly (HP:0000268): An abnormality of skull shape characterized by a increased anterior-posterior diameter, i.e., an increased antero-posterior dimension of the skull. Cephalic index less than 76%. Alternatively, an apparently increased antero-posterior length of the head compared to width. Often due to premature closure of the sagittal suture. Evidence: IEA. (OMIM:609625)
- Frontal bossing (HP:0002007): Bilateral bulging of the lateral frontal bone prominences with relative sparing of the midline. Evidence: TAS. (OMIM:609625)
- Atrial septal defect (HP:0001631): Atrial septal defect (ASD) is a congenital abnormality of the interatrial septum that enables blood flow between the left and right atria via the interatrial septum. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 2/15. (PMID:14598339)
- Webbed neck (HP:0000465): Pterygium colli is a congenital skin fold that runs along the sides of the neck down to the shoulders. It involves an ectopic fibrotic facial band superficial to the trapezius muscle. Excess hair-bearing skin is also present and extends down the cervical region well beyond the normal hairline. Evidence: IEA. (OMIM:609625)
- Cryptorchidism (HP:0000028): Testis in inguinal canal. That is, absence of one or both testes from the scrotum owing to failure of the testis or testes to descend through the inguinal canal to the scrotum. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 2/2. (PMID:14598339)
- Micrognathia (HP:0000347): Developmental hypoplasia of the mandible. Evidence: IEA. (OMIM:609625)