Phenotypes associated with the disease congenital heart defects, multiple types, 2 (OMIM:614980):
- Aortic valve stenosis (HP:0001650): The presence of a stenosis (narrowing) of the aortic valve. Evidence: TAS. (OMIM:614980)
- Congenital onset (HP:0003577): A phenotypic abnormality that is present at birth. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 2/2. (PMID:20493459)
- Myxomatous mitral valve degeneration (HP:0004764): Myxomatous mitral valve is defined as the presence of excess leaflet tissue and leaflet thickening greater than 5 mm, resulting in a prolapse greater than 2 mm into the left atrium on parasternal long axis view. Evidence: TAS. (OMIM:614980)
- Subvalvular aortic stenosis (HP:0001682): A fixed form of obstruction to blood flow across the left-ventricular outflow tract related to stenosis (narrowing) below the level of the aortic valve. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/2. (PMID:20493459)
- Atrial fibrillation (HP:0005110): An atrial arrhythmia characterized by disorganized atrial activity without discrete P waves on the surface EKG, but instead by an undulating baseline or more sharply circumscribed atrial deflections of varying amplitude an frequency ranging from 350 to 600 per minute. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/2. (PMID:20493459)
- Ventricular septal defect (HP:0001629): A hole between the two bottom chambers (ventricles) of the heart. The defect is centered around the most superior aspect of the ventricular septum. Evidence: TAS. (OMIM:614980)
- Bicuspid aortic valve (HP:0001647): The presence of an aortic valve with two instead of the normal three cusps (flaps). Bicuspid aortic valvue is a malformation of a commissure (small space between the attachment of each cusp to the aortic wall) and the adjacent parts of the two corresponding cusps forming a raphe (the fused area of the two underdeveloped cusps turning into a malformed commissure between both cusps; the raphe is a fibrous ridge that extends from the commissure to the free edge of the two underdeveloped, conjoint cusps). Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/2. (PMID:20493459)
- Tetralogy of Fallot (HP:0001636): A congenital cardiac malformation comprising pulmonary stenosis, overriding aorta, ventricular septum defect, and right ventricular hypertrophy. The diagnosis of TOF is made if at least three of the four above mentioned features are present. Evidence: TAS. (OMIM:614980)
- Congestive heart failure (HP:0001635): The presence of an abnormality of cardiac function that is responsible for the failure of the heart to pump blood at a rate that is commensurate with the needs of the tissues or a state in which abnormally elevated filling pressures are required for the heart to do so. Heart failure is frequently related to a defect in myocardial contraction. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/2. Onset: Adult onset (HP:0003581). (PMID:20493459)
- Aortic regurgitation (HP:0001659): An insufficiency of the aortic valve, leading to regurgitation (backward flow) of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 2/2. (PMID:20493459)
- Autosomal dominant inheritance (HP:0000006): A mode of inheritance that is observed for traits related to a gene encoded on one of the autosomes (i.e., the human chromosomes 1-22) in which a trait manifests in heterozygotes. In the context of medical genetics, an autosomal dominant disorder is caused when a single copy of the mutant allele is present. Males and females are affected equally, and can both transmit the disorder with a risk of 50% for each child of inheriting the mutant allele. Evidence: PCS. (PMID:20493459)
- Aortic aneurysm (HP:0004942): Aortic dilatation refers to a dimension that is greater than the 95th percentile for the normal person age, sex and body size. In contrast, an aneurysm is defined as a localized dilation of the aorta that is more than 150 percent of predicted (ratio of observed to expected diameter 1.5 or more). Aneurysm should be distinguished from ectasia, which represents a diffuse dilation of the aorta less than 50 percent of normal aorta diameter. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/2. (PMID:20493459)
- Left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (HP:0032092): Left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction can occur at the valvular, subvalvular, or supravalvular level. In general, there is an obstruction to forward flow which increases afterload, and if untreated, can result in hypertrophy, dilatation, and eventual failure of the left ventricle. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/2. (PMID:20493459)