- Hypertonia (HP:0001276): A condition in which there is increased muscle tone so that arms or legs, for example, are stiff and difficult to move. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/4. (PMID:23768512)
- Poor head control (HP:0002421): Difficulty to maintain correct position of the head while standing or sitting. Infant head lag is observed when the head seems to flop around or lags posteriorly behind the trunk. Several articles have maintained that head lag should be absent by age 3 to 4 months. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 2/4. (PMID:23768512)
- Congenital onset (HP:0003577): A phenotypic abnormality that is present at birth. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/4. (PMID:23768512)
- Elevated circulating creatine kinase activity (HP:0003236): The activity of creatine kinase in the blood circulation is above the upper limit of normal. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 4/4. (PMID:23768512)
- Strabismus (HP:0000486): A misalignment of the eyes so that the visual axes deviate from bifoveal fixation. The classification of strabismus may be based on a number of features including the relative position of the eyes, whether the deviation is latent or manifest, intermittent or constant, concomitant or otherwise and according to the age of onset and the relevance of any associated refractive error. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 3/4. (PMID:23768512)
- Seizure (HP:0001250): A seizure is an intermittent abnormality of nervous system physiology characterized by a transient occurrence of signs and/or symptoms due to abnormal excessive or synchronous neuronal activity in the brain. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 2/4. (PMID:23768512)
- Hypotonia (HP:0001252): Hypotonia is an abnormally low muscle tone (the amount of tension or resistance to movement in a muscle). Even when relaxed, muscles have a continuous and passive partial contraction which provides some resistance to passive stretching. Hypotonia thus manifests as diminished resistance to passive stretching. Hypotonia is not the same as muscle weakness, although the two conditions can co-exist. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 2/4. (PMID:23768512)
- Infantile onset (HP:0003593): Onset of signs or symptoms of disease between 28 days to one year of life. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 2/4. (PMID:23768512)
- Motor delay (HP:0001270): A type of Developmental delay characterized by a delay in acquiring motor skills. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 2/8. (PMID:23768512)
- Cataract (HP:0000518): A cataract is an opacity or clouding that develops in the crystalline lens of the eye or in its capsule. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/4. (PMID:23768512)
- Nystagmus (HP:0000639): Rhythmic, involuntary oscillations of one or both eyes related to abnormality in fixation, conjugate gaze, or vestibular mechanisms. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/4. (PMID:23768512)
- Muscle weakness (HP:0001324): Reduced strength of muscles. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 4/4. (PMID:23768512)
- Intellectual disability (HP:0001249): The term intellectual disability or intellectual developmental disorder is used to describe significantly sub-average intellectual and adaptive functioning based on clinical assessment and as measured by individually administered, appropriately normed, standardized and validated tests of intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior, with onset during the developmental period from infancy through adolescence. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 4/4. (PMID:23768512)
- Neonatal onset (HP:0003623): Onset of signs or symptoms of disease within the first 28 days of life. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/4. (PMID:23768512)
- Myopathic facies (HP:0002058): A facial appearance characteristic of myopathic conditions. The face appears expressionless with sunken cheeks, bilateral ptosis, and inability to elevate the corners of the mouth, due to muscle weakness. Evidence: PCS. (PMID:23768512)
- Microcephaly (HP:0000252): Head circumference below 2 standard deviations below the mean for age and gender. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/4. (PMID:23768512)
- Cerebellar hypoplasia (HP:0001321): Cerebellar hypoplasia is a descriptive term implying a cerebellum with a reduced volume, but a normal shape and is stable over time. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 2/4. (PMID:23768512)
- Feeding difficulties (HP:0011968): Impaired ability to eat related to problems gathering food and getting ready to suck, chew, or swallow it. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/4. (PMID:23768512)
- Hypoglycosylation of alpha-dystroglycan (HP:0030046): A reduction in the degree of glycosylation of alpha-dystroglycan in muscle tissue. Evidence: PCS. (PMID:23768512)
- Global developmental delay (HP:0001263): A delay in the achievement of motor or mental milestones in the domains of development of a child, including motor skills, speech and language, cognitive skills, and social and emotional skills. This term should only be used to describe children younger than five years of age. Evidence: PCS. (PMID:23768512)
- Muscular dystrophy (HP:0003560): The term dystrophy means abnormal growth. However, muscular dystrophy is used to describe primary myopathies with a genetic basis and a progressive course characterized by progressive skeletal muscle weakness and wasting, defects in muscle proteins, and histological features of muscle fiber degeneration (necrosis) and regeneration. If possible, it is preferred to use other HPO terms to describe the precise phenotypic abnormalities. Evidence: PCS. (PMID:23768512)
- Ileal atresia (HP:0011102): An abnormal closure, or atresia of the tubular structure of the ileum. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/4. (PMID:23768512)
- Joint contracture (HP:0034392): A limitation in the passive range of motion of a joint resulting from loss of elasticity in the periarticular tissues owing to structural changes of non-bony tissues, such as muscles, tendons, ligaments, joint capsules or skin. A contracture prevents movement of the associated body part. Evidence: PCS. (PMID:23768512)
- Generalized limb muscle atrophy (HP:0009055): Generalized (unlocalized) atrophy affecting muscles of the limbs in both proximal and distal locations. Evidence: PCS. (PMID:23768512)
- Ptosis (HP:0000508): The upper eyelid margin is positioned 3 mm or more lower than usual and covers the superior portion of the iris (objective); or, the upper lid margin obscures at least part of the pupil (subjective). Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 2/4. (PMID:23768512)
- Autosomal recessive inheritance (HP:0000007): A mode of inheritance that is observed for traits related to a gene encoded on one of the autosomes (i.e., the human chromosomes 1-22) in which a trait manifests in individuals with two pathogenic alleles, either homozygotes (two copies of the same mutant allele) or compound heterozygotes (whereby each copy of a gene has a distinct mutant allele). Evidence: PCS. (PMID:23768512)
- Decreased fetal movement (HP:0001558): An abnormal reduction in quantity or strength of fetal movements. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 3/4. (PMID:23768512)
- Prolonged QT interval (HP:0001657): Increased time between the start of the Q wave and the end of the T wave as measured by the electrocardiogram (EKG). Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/4. (PMID:23768512)
These phenotypes are associated with the disease muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy (congenital with intellectual disability), type B14 (OMIM:615351).