- Hypotonia (HP:0001252): Hypotonia is an abnormally low muscle tone (the amount of tension or resistance to movement in a muscle). Even when relaxed, muscles have a continuous and passive partial contraction which provides some resistance to passive stretching. Hypotonia thus manifests as diminished resistance to passive stretching. Hypotonia is not the same as muscle weakness, although the two conditions can co-exist. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/1. (PMID:21594993)
- Keratoconjunctivitis sicca (HP:0001097): Dryness of the eye related to deficiency of the tear film components (aqueous, mucin, or lipid), lid surface abnormalities, or epithelial abnormalities. Keratoconjunctivitis sicca often results in a scratchy or sandy sensation (foreign body sensation) in the eyes, and may also be associated with itching, inability to produce tears, photosensitivity, redness, pain, and difficulty in moving the eyelids. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/1. (PMID:20979188)
- Generalized lipodystrophy (HP:0009064): Generalized degenerative changes of the fat tissue. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/1. (PMID:21594993)
- Prominent forehead (HP:0011220): Forward prominence of the entire forehead, due to protrusion of the frontal bone. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/1. (PMID:21594993)
- Absence of subcutaneous fat (HP:0007485): Lack of subcutaneous adipose tissue. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/1. (PMID:20979188)
- Aortic root aneurysm (HP:0002616): An abnormal localized widening (dilatation) of the aortic root. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/1. (PMID:20979188)
- Long fingers (HP:0100807): The middle finger is more than 2 SD above the mean for newborns 27 to 41 weeks EGA or above the 97th centile for children from birth to 16 years of age AND the five digits retain their normal length proportions relative to each other (i.e., it is not the case that the middle finger is the only lengthened digit), or, Fingers that appear disproportionately long compared to the palm of the hand. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/1. (PMID:21594993)
- Hydrocephalus (HP:0000238): Hydrocephalus is an active distension of the ventricular system of the brain resulting from inadequate passage of CSF from its point of production within the cerebral ventricles to its point of absorption into the systemic circulation. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/1. (PMID:21594993)
- Retrognathia (HP:0000278): An abnormality in which the mandible is mislocalised posteriorly. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 2/2. (PMID:20979188;PMID:21594993)
- Pes planus (HP:0001763): A foot where the longitudinal arch of the foot is in contact with the ground or floor when the individual is standing; or, in a patient lying supine, a foot where the arch is in contact with the surface of a flat board pressed against the sole of the foot by the examiner with a pressure similar to that expected from weight bearing; or, the height of the arch is reduced. Evidence: PCS. (PMID:26860060)
- Progeroid facial appearance (HP:0005328): A degree of wrinkling of the facial skin that is more than expected for the age of the individual, leading to a prematurely aged appearance. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/1. (PMID:20979188)
- Melanocytic nevus (HP:0000995): A oval and round, colored (usually medium-to dark brown, reddish brown, or flesh colored) lesion. Typically, a melanocytic nevus is less than 6 mm in diameter, but may be much smaller or larger. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/1. (PMID:20979188)
- Tall stature (HP:0000098): A height above that which is expected according to age and gender norms. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/1. (PMID:21594993)
- Hyperextensibility of the finger joints (HP:0001187): The ability of the finger joints to move beyond their normal range of motion. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/1. (PMID:20979188)
- Downslanted palpebral fissures (HP:0000494): The palpebral fissure inclination is more than two standard deviations below the mean. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/1. (PMID:21594993)
- Deeply set eye (HP:0000490): An eye that is more deeply recessed into the plane of the face than is typical. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/1. (PMID:21594993)
- High myopia (HP:0011003): A severe form of myopia with greater than -6.00 diopters. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/1. (PMID:20979188)
- Pes valgus (HP:0008081): An outward (valgus) deviation of the calcaneus relative to the longitudinal axis of the lower leg at the talocalcaneal (subtalar) joint, such that the heel is everted. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/1. (PMID:21594993)
- Lipoatrophy (HP:0100578): Localized loss of fat tissue. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/1. (PMID:20979188)
- Dural ectasia (HP:0100775): A widening or ballooning of the dural sac surrounding the spinal cord usually at the lumbosacral level. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/1. (PMID:20979188)
- Pectus excavatum (HP:0000767): A defect of the chest wall characterized by a depression of the sternum, giving the chest ("pectus") a caved-in ("excavatum") appearance. Evidence: PCS. (PMID:26860060)
- High, narrow palate (HP:0002705): The presence of a high and narrow palate. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/1. (PMID:20979188)
- Reduced subcutaneous adipose tissue (HP:0003758): A reduced amount of fat tissue in the lowest layer of the integument. This feature can be appreciated by a reduced skinfold thickness. Evidence: PCS. (PMID:26860060)
- Proptosis (HP:0000520): An eye that is protruding anterior to the plane of the face to a greater extent than is typical. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 2/2. (PMID:20979188;PMID:21594993)
- Triangular face (HP:0000325): Facial contour, as viewed from the front, triangular in shape, with breadth at the temples and tapering to a narrow chin. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/1. (PMID:21594993)
- Autosomal dominant inheritance (HP:0000006): A mode of inheritance that is observed for traits related to a gene encoded on one of the autosomes (i.e., the human chromosomes 1-22) in which a trait manifests in heterozygotes. In the context of medical genetics, an autosomal dominant disorder is caused when a single copy of the mutant allele is present. Males and females are affected equally, and can both transmit the disorder with a risk of 50% for each child of inheriting the mutant allele. Evidence: PCS. (PMID:20979188)
- Scaphocephaly (HP:0030799): Scaphocephaly is a subtype of dolichocephaly where the anterior and posterior aspects of the cranial vault are pointed (boat-shaped). Scaphocephaly is caused by a precocious fusion of sagittal suture without other associated synostosis. Evidence: PCS. (PMID:26860060)
- Scapular winging (HP:0003691): Abnormal protrusion of the scapula away from the surface of the back. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/1. (PMID:20979188)
- Narrow nose (HP:0000460): Interalar distance more than 2 SD below the mean for age, or alternatively, an apparently decreased width of the nasal base and alae. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/1. (PMID:21594993)
- Motor delay (HP:0001270): A type of Developmental delay characterized by a delay in acquiring motor skills. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/1. (PMID:21594993)
- Narrow nasal ridge (HP:0000418): Decreased width of the nasal ridge. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/1. (PMID:20979188)
- Reduced visual acuity (HP:0007663). Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/1. (PMID:20979188)
- Feeding difficulties in infancy (HP:0008872): Impaired feeding performance of an infant as manifested by difficulties such as weak and ineffective sucking, brief bursts of sucking, and falling asleep during sucking. There may be difficulties with chewing or maintaining attention. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/1. (PMID:20979188)
- Broad forehead (HP:0000337): Width of the forehead or distance between the frontotemporales is more than two standard deviations above the mean (objective); or apparently increased distance between the two sides of the forehead. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/1. (PMID:21594993)
- Bruising susceptibility (HP:0000978): An ecchymosis (bruise) refers to the skin discoloration caused by the escape of blood into the tissues from ruptured blood vessels. This term refers to an abnormally increased susceptibility to bruising. The corresponding phenotypic abnormality is generally elicited on medical history as a report of frequent ecchymoses or bruising without adequate trauma. Evidence: PCS. (PMID:26860060)
- High palate (HP:0000218): Height of the palate more than 2 SD above the mean (objective) or palatal height at the level of the first permanent molar more than twice the height of the teeth (subjective). Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/1. (PMID:21594993)
- Narrow chest (HP:0000774): Reduced width of the chest from side to side, associated with a reduced distance from the sternal notch to the tip of the shoulder. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/1. (PMID:20979188)
- Macrocephaly (HP:0000256): Occipitofrontal (head) circumference greater than 97th centile compared to appropriate, age matched, sex-matched normal standards. Alternatively, a apparently increased size of the cranium. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/1. (PMID:21594993)
- Premature birth (HP:0001622): The birth of a baby of less than 37 weeks of gestational age. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/1. (PMID:21594993)
- Oligohydramnios (HP:0001562): Diminished amniotic fluid volume in pregnancy. Evidence: PCS. (PMID:26860060)
- Arachnodactyly (HP:0001166): Abnormally long and slender fingers (spider fingers). Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/1. (PMID:20979188)
- Craniosynostosis (HP:0001363): Craniosynostosis refers to the premature closure of the cranial sutures. Primary craniosynostosis refers to the closure of one or more sutures due to abnormalities in skull development, and secondary craniosynostosis results from failure of brain growth. Evidence: PCS. (PMID:26860060)
- Ectopia lentis (HP:0001083): Dislocation or malposition of the crystalline lens of the eye. A partial displacement (or dislocation) of the lens is described as a subluxation of the lens, while a complete displacement is termed luxation of the lens. A complete displacement occurs if the lens is completely outside the patellar fossa of the lens, either in the anterior chamber, in the vitreous, or directly on the retina. If the lens is partially displaced but still contained within the lens space, then it is termed subluxation. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/1. (PMID:20979188)
- Neurodevelopmental abnormality (HP:0012759): A deviation from normal of the neurological development of a child, which may include any or all of the aspects of the development of personal, social, gross or fine motor, and cognitive abilities. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 0/1. (PMID:21594993)
- Lateral ventricular asymmetry (HP:0100960): Abnormal difference in size between the left and right lateral cerebral ventricles. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/1. (PMID:21594993)
- Kyphosis (HP:0002808): Exaggerated anterior convexity of the thoracic vertebral column. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/1. (PMID:20979188)
- Prominent nasal bridge (HP:0000426): Anterior positioning of the nasal root in comparison to the usual positioning for age. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/1. (PMID:21594993)
- Hypertension (HP:0000822): The presence of chronic increased pressure in the systemic arterial system. Evidence: TAS. Frequency: Occasional (HP:0040283). (OMIM:616914)
- Intrauterine growth retardation (HP:0001511): An abnormal restriction of fetal growth with fetal weight below the tenth percentile for gestational age. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/1. (PMID:20979188)
- Mitral valve prolapse (HP:0001634): One or both of the leaflets (cusps) of the mitral valve bulges back into the left atrium upon contraction of the left ventricle. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/1. (PMID:21594993)
These phenotypes are associated with the disease progeroid and marfanoid aspect-lipodystrophy syndrome (OMIM:616914).