- Scaphocephaly (HP:0030799): Scaphocephaly is a subtype of dolichocephaly where the anterior and posterior aspects of the cranial vault are pointed (boat-shaped). Scaphocephaly is caused by a precocious fusion of sagittal suture without other associated synostosis. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/4. (PMID:27476655)
- Decreased body weight (HP:0004325): Abnormally low body weight. Evidence: PCS. (PMID:27476655)
- Metaphyseal widening (HP:0003016): Abnormal widening of the metaphyseal regions of long bones. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/4. (PMID:27476655)
- Large hands (HP:0001176). Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/4. (PMID:27476655)
- Congenital onset (HP:0003577): A phenotypic abnormality that is present at birth. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 4/4. (PMID:27476655)
- Astigmatism (HP:0000483): A type of refraction error associated with abnormal curvatures on the anterior and/or posterior surface of the cornea. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/4. (PMID:27476655)
- Strabismus (HP:0000486): A misalignment of the eyes so that the visual axes deviate from bifoveal fixation. The classification of strabismus may be based on a number of features including the relative position of the eyes, whether the deviation is latent or manifest, intermittent or constant, concomitant or otherwise and according to the age of onset and the relevance of any associated refractive error. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/4. (PMID:27476655)
- Small scrotum (HP:0000046): Apparently small scrotum for age. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/2. (PMID:27476655)
- Rhizomelia (HP:0008905): Disproportionate shortening of the proximal segment of limbs (i.e. the femur and humerus). Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 3/4. (PMID:27476655)
- Broad femoral neck (HP:0006429): An abnormally wide femoral neck (which is the process of bone, connecting the femoral head with the femoral shaft). Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/4. (PMID:27476655)
- Short stature (HP:0004322): A height below that which is expected according to age and gender norms. Although there is no universally accepted definition of short stature, many refer to "short stature" as height more than 2 standard deviations below the mean for age and gender (or below the 3rd percentile for age and gender dependent norms). Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 4/4. (PMID:27476655)
- Seizure (HP:0001250): A seizure is an intermittent abnormality of nervous system physiology characterized by a transient occurrence of signs and/or symptoms due to abnormal excessive or synchronous neuronal activity in the brain. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/4. (PMID:27476655)
- Cerebellar atrophy (HP:0001272): Cerebellar atrophy is defined as a cerebellum with initially normal structures, in a posterior fossa with normal size, which displays enlarged fissures (interfolial spaces) in comparison to the foliae secondary to loss of tissue. Cerebellar atrophy implies irreversible loss of tissue and result from an ongoing progressive disease until a final stage is reached or a single injury, e.g. an intoxication or infectious event. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/4. (PMID:27476655)
- Gait ataxia (HP:0002066): A type of ataxia characterized by the impairment of the ability to coordinate the movements required for normal walking. Gait ataxia is characteirzed by a wide-based staggering gait with a tendency to fall. Evidence: TAS. (OMIM:617164)
- Gastroesophageal reflux (HP:0002020): A condition in which the stomach contents leak backwards from the stomach into the esophagus through the lower esophageal sphincter. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/4. (PMID:27476655)
- Ataxia (HP:0001251): Ataxia refers to impaired coordination of voluntary muscle movement. Cerebellar ataxia refers to ataxia due to dysfunction of the cerebellum. This causes a variety of elementary neurological deficits including asynergy (lack of coordination between muscles, limbs and joints), dysmetria (lack of ability to judge distances that can lead to under- or overshoot in grasping movements), and dysdiadochokinesia (inability to perform rapid movements requiring antagonizing muscle groups to be switched on and off repeatedly). Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/4. (PMID:27476655)
- Motor delay (HP:0001270): A type of Developmental delay characterized by a delay in acquiring motor skills. Evidence: TAS. (OMIM:617164)
- Ventricular septal defect (HP:0001629): A hole between the two bottom chambers (ventricles) of the heart. The defect is centered around the most superior aspect of the ventricular septum. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/4. (PMID:27476655)
- Failure to thrive (HP:0001508): Failure to thrive (FTT) refers to a child whose physical growth is substantially below the norm. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/4. (PMID:27476655)
- Cataract (HP:0000518): A cataract is an opacity or clouding that develops in the crystalline lens of the eye or in its capsule. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/4. (PMID:27476655)
- Prominent forehead (HP:0011220): Forward prominence of the entire forehead, due to protrusion of the frontal bone. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/4. (PMID:27476655)
- Autism (HP:0000717): Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impaired social interaction and communication, and by restricted and repetitive behavior. Autism begins in childhood. It is marked by the presence of markedly abnormal or impaired development in social interaction and communication and a markedly restricted repertoire of activity and interest. Manifestations of the disorder vary greatly depending on the developmental level and chronological age of the individual (DSM-IV). Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/4. (PMID:27476655)
- Bowing of the legs (HP:0002979): A bending or abnormal curvature affecting a long bone of the leg. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/4. (PMID:27476655)
- High palate (HP:0000218): Height of the palate more than 2 SD above the mean (objective) or palatal height at the level of the first permanent molar more than twice the height of the teeth (subjective). Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/4. (PMID:27476655)
- Wide intermamillary distance (HP:0006610): A larger than usual distance between the left and right nipple. Evidence: IEA. (OMIM:617164)
- Retrognathia (HP:0000278): An abnormality in which the mandible is mislocalised posteriorly. Evidence: TAS. (OMIM:617164)
- Intellectual disability (HP:0001249): The term intellectual disability or intellectual developmental disorder is used to describe significantly sub-average intellectual and adaptive functioning based on clinical assessment and as measured by individually administered, appropriately normed, standardized and validated tests of intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior, with onset during the developmental period from infancy through adolescence. Evidence: PCS. (PMID:27476655)
- Micropenis (HP:0000054): Abnormally small penis. At birth, the normal penis is about 3 cm (stretched length from pubic tubercle to tip of penis) with micropenis less than 2.0-2.5 cm. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/2. (PMID:27476655)
- Microcephaly (HP:0000252): Head circumference below 2 standard deviations below the mean for age and gender. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 3/4. (PMID:27476655)
- Downslanted palpebral fissures (HP:0000494): The palpebral fissure inclination is more than two standard deviations below the mean. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/4. (PMID:27476655)
- Cleft palate (HP:0000175): Cleft palate is a developmental defect of the palate resulting from a failure of fusion of the palatine processes and manifesting as a separation of the roof of the mouth (soft and hard palate). Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/4. (PMID:27476655)
- Obstructive sleep apnea (HP:0002870): Obstructive Sleep Apnea is a condition characterized by the obstruction of the airway and pauses in breathing during sleep, which occur multiple times throughout the night. It is related to the relaxation of muscle tone that typically happens during sleep, leading to a partial collapse of the soft tissues in the airway and causing airflow obstruction. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/4. (PMID:27476655)
- Coxa valga (HP:0002673): Coxa valga is a deformity of the hip in which the angle between the femoral shaft and the femoral neck is increased compared to age-adjusted values (about 150 degrees in newborns gradually reducing to 120-130 degrees in adults). Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/4. (PMID:27476655)
- Joint hypermobility (HP:0001382): The capability that a joint (or a group of joints) has to move, passively and/or actively, beyond normal limits along physiological axes. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 3/4. (PMID:27476655)
- Feeding difficulties (HP:0011968): Impaired ability to eat related to problems gathering food and getting ready to suck, chew, or swallow it. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/4. (PMID:27476655)
- Global developmental delay (HP:0001263): A delay in the achievement of motor or mental milestones in the domains of development of a child, including motor skills, speech and language, cognitive skills, and social and emotional skills. This term should only be used to describe children younger than five years of age. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 2/4. (PMID:27476655)
- 2-3 toe syndactyly (HP:0004691): Syndactyly with fusion of toes two and three. Evidence: TAS. (OMIM:617164)
- Penoscrotal hypospadias (HP:0000808): A severe form of hypospadias in which the urethral opening is located at the junction of the penis and scrotum. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/4. (PMID:27476655)
- Hypotelorism (HP:0000601): Interpupillary distance less than 2 SD below the mean (alternatively, the appearance of an decreased interpupillary distance or closely spaced eyes). Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 3/4. (PMID:27476655)
- Skeletal muscle hypertrophy (HP:0003712): Abnormal increase in muscle size and mass not due to training. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/4. (PMID:27476655)
- Intrauterine growth retardation (HP:0001511): An abnormal restriction of fetal growth with fetal weight below the tenth percentile for gestational age. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 4/4. (PMID:27476655)
- Accelerated skeletal maturation (HP:0005616): An abnormally increased rate of skeletal maturation. Accelerated skeletal maturation can be diagnosed on the basis of an estimation of the bone age from radiographs of specific bones in the human body. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/4. (PMID:27476655)
- Myopia (HP:0000545): An abnormality of refraction characterized by the ability to see objects nearby clearly, while objects in the distance appear blurry. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/4. (PMID:27476655)
- Micrognathia (HP:0000347): Developmental hypoplasia of the mandible. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 4/4. (PMID:27476655)
- Cryptorchidism (HP:0000028): Testis in inguinal canal. That is, absence of one or both testes from the scrotum owing to failure of the testis or testes to descend through the inguinal canal to the scrotum. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/2. (PMID:27476655)
- Autosomal dominant inheritance (HP:0000006): A mode of inheritance that is observed for traits related to a gene encoded on one of the autosomes (i.e., the human chromosomes 1-22) in which a trait manifests in heterozygotes. In the context of medical genetics, an autosomal dominant disorder is caused when a single copy of the mutant allele is present. Males and females are affected equally, and can both transmit the disorder with a risk of 50% for each child of inheriting the mutant allele. Evidence: PCS. (PMID:27476655)
These phenotypes are associated with the disease short stature, rhizomelic, with microcephaly, micrognathia, and developmental delay (OMIM:617164).