Phenotypes associated with the disease neurodevelopmental disorder with microcephaly and movement abnormalities (OMIM:620445):
- Strabismus (HP:0000486): A misalignment of the eyes so that the visual axes deviate from bifoveal fixation. The classification of strabismus may be based on a number of features including the relative position of the eyes, whether the deviation is latent or manifest, intermittent or constant, concomitant or otherwise and according to the age of onset and the relevance of any associated refractive error. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 6/11. (PMID:36724785)
- Short stature (HP:0004322): A height below that which is expected according to age and gender norms. Although there is no universally accepted definition of short stature, many refer to "short stature" as height more than 2 standard deviations below the mean for age and gender (or below the 3rd percentile for age and gender dependent norms). Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 8/11. (PMID:36724785)
- Talipes equinovalgus (HP:0001772): A deformity of foot and ankle in which the foot is bent down and outwards. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/10. (PMID:36724785)
- Seizure (HP:0001250): A seizure is an intermittent abnormality of nervous system physiology characterized by a transient occurrence of signs and/or symptoms due to abnormal excessive or synchronous neuronal activity in the brain. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 4/11. (PMID:36724785)
- Gait ataxia (HP:0002066): A type of ataxia characterized by the impairment of the ability to coordinate the movements required for normal walking. Gait ataxia is characteirzed by a wide-based staggering gait with a tendency to fall. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 3/11. (PMID:36724785)
- Hypotonia (HP:0001252): Hypotonia is an abnormally low muscle tone (the amount of tension or resistance to movement in a muscle). Even when relaxed, muscles have a continuous and passive partial contraction which provides some resistance to passive stretching. Hypotonia thus manifests as diminished resistance to passive stretching. Hypotonia is not the same as muscle weakness, although the two conditions can co-exist. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 5/11. (PMID:36724785)
- Infantile onset (HP:0003593): Onset of signs or symptoms of disease between 28 days to one year of life. Evidence: PCS. (PMID:36724785)
- Lower limb spasticity (HP:0002061): Spasticity (velocity-dependent increase in tonic stretch reflexes with increased muscle tone and hyperexcitable tendon reflexes) in the muscles of the lower limbs, hips, and pelvis. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 4/11. (PMID:36724785)
- Facial telangiectasia (HP:0007380): Telangiectases (small dilated blood vessels) located near the surface of the skin of the face. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/11. (PMID:36724785)
- Cerebral visual impairment (HP:0100704): A form of loss of vision caused by damage to the visual cortex rather than a defect in the eye. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/11. (PMID:36724785)
- Smooth philtrum (HP:0000319): Flat skin surface, with no ridge formation in the central region of the upper lip between the nasal base and upper vermilion border. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 3/11. (PMID:36724785)
- Waddling gait (HP:0002515): Weakness of the hip girdle and upper thigh muscles, for instance in myopathies, leads to an instability of the pelvis on standing and walking. If the muscles extending the hip joint are affected, the posture in that joint becomes flexed and lumbar lordosis increases. The patients usually have difficulties standing up from a sitting position. Due to weakness in the gluteus medius muscle, the hip on the side of the swinging leg drops with each step (referred to as Trendelenburg sign). The gait appears waddling. The patients frequently attempt to counteract the dropping of the hip on the swinging side by bending the trunk towards the side which is in the stance phase (in the German language literature this is referred to as Duchenne sign). Similar gait patterns can be caused by orthopedic conditions when the origin and the insertion site of the gluteus medius muscle are closer to each other than normal, for instance due to a posttraumatic elevation of the trochanter or pseudarthrosis of the femoral neck. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 2/11. (PMID:36724785)
- Coxa vara (HP:0002812): Coxa vara includes all forms of decrease of the femoral neck shaft angle (the angle between the neck and the shaft of the femur) to less than 120 degrees. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/10. (PMID:36724785)
- Premature graying of hair (HP:0002216): Development of gray hair at a younger than normal age. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/11. (PMID:36724785)
- Hyperactivity (HP:0000752): Hyperactivity is a condition characterized by constant and unusually high levels of activity, even in situations where it is deemed inappropriate. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/11. (PMID:36724785)
- Intellectual disability (HP:0001249): The term intellectual disability or intellectual developmental disorder is used to describe significantly sub-average intellectual and adaptive functioning based on clinical assessment and as measured by individually administered, appropriately normed, standardized and validated tests of intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior, with onset during the developmental period from infancy through adolescence. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 9/9. (PMID:36724785)
- Microcephaly (HP:0000252): Head circumference below 2 standard deviations below the mean for age and gender. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 9/11. (PMID:36724785)
- Vesicoureteral reflux (HP:0000076): Abnormal (retrograde) movement of urine from the bladder into ureters or kidneys related to inadequacy of the valvular mechanism at the ureterovesicular junction or other causes. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 2/7. (PMID:36724785)
- Delayed speech and language development (HP:0000750): A degree of language development that is significantly below the norm for a child of a specified age. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 11/11. (PMID:36724785)
- Scoliosis (HP:0002650): The presence of an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 5/10. (PMID:36724785)
- Delayed ability to walk (HP:0031936): A failure to achieve the ability to walk at an appropriate developmental stage. Most children learn to walk in a series of stages, and learn to walk short distances independently between 12 and 15 months. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 9/11. (PMID:36724785)
- Genu varum (HP:0002970): A positional abnormality marked by outward bowing of the legs in which the knees stay wide apart when a person stands with the feet and ankles together. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/10. (PMID:36724785)
- Gynecomastia (HP:0000771): Abnormal development of large mammary glands in males resulting in breast enlargement. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 2/6. (PMID:36724785)
- Global developmental delay (HP:0001263): A delay in the achievement of motor or mental milestones in the domains of development of a child, including motor skills, speech and language, cognitive skills, and social and emotional skills. This term should only be used to describe children younger than five years of age. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 11/11. (PMID:36724785)
- Chorea (HP:0002072): Chorea (Greek for 'dance') refers to widespread arrhythmic involuntary movements of a forcible, jerky and restless fashion. It is a random-appearing sequence of one or more discrete involuntary movements or movement fragments. Movements appear random because of variability in timing, duration or location. Each movement may have a distinct start and end. However, movements may be strung together and thus may appear to flow randomly from one muscle group to another. Chorea can involve the trunk, neck, face, tongue, and extremities. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 6/22. (PMID:36724785)
- Impulsivity (HP:0100710): Acting on the spur of the moment or on a momentary basis without consideration of outcomes; having difficulty establishing or following plans; experiencing a sense of urgency and engaging in behavior that is uninhibited, cannot be inhibited, and is uncontrolled. The possibility of repression is inconceivable. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/11. (PMID:36724785)
- External tibial torsion (HP:0034373): External twisting of the tibia resulting in the toes of each foot pointing outward (outtoeing) . Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/10. (PMID:36724785)
- Paroxysmal bursts of laughter (HP:0000749). Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/11. (PMID:36724785)
- Autosomal recessive inheritance (HP:0000007): A mode of inheritance that is observed for traits related to a gene encoded on one of the autosomes (i.e., the human chromosomes 1-22) in which a trait manifests in individuals with two pathogenic alleles, either homozygotes (two copies of the same mutant allele) or compound heterozygotes (whereby each copy of a gene has a distinct mutant allele). Evidence: PCS. (PMID:36724785)
- Drooling (HP:0002307): Habitual flow of saliva out of the mouth. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/11. (PMID:36724785)
- Esotropia (HP:0000565): A form of strabismus with one or both eyes turned inward ('crossed') to a relatively severe degree, usually defined as 10 diopters or more. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 2/11. (PMID:36724785)
- Low-set ears (HP:0000369): Upper insertion of the ear to the scalp below an imaginary horizontal line drawn between the inner canthi of the eye and extending posteriorly to the ear. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/11. (PMID:36724785)
- Self-mutilation (HP:0000742): Deliberate harm to one's body resulting in tissue damage, without a conscious intent to die. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/11. (PMID:36724785)
- Widely spaced teeth (HP:0000687): Increased spaces (diastemata) between most of the teeth in the same dental arch. Evidence: PCS. Frequency: 1/11. (PMID:36724785)